World leaders clash over climate change talks at COP31

Detailed summary

World leaders have set out competing positions and made clashing demands in two days of intense speech-making at the COP31 climate change ⁠talks in Turkey, leaving negotiators…

World leaders have set out competing positions and made clashing demands in two days of intense speech-making at the COP31 climate change ⁠talks in Turkey, leaving negotiators with a tough task to draft a meaningful deal that all can agree.

Small island states, among the most vulnerable in the world as global warming makes sea levels rise, pleaded for urgent cuts to greenhouse gas emissions.

European leaders, meanwhile, lined up behind a proposal to expand global electrification, developing countries asked for more finance from rich ones, and fossil fuel producers said oil, gas, and coal should continue to be used.

"We reaffirm our sovereign right to strengthen our energy and oil industry as a driver of our national development," Venezuela's acting President Delcy Rodriguez told the conference, after UN leaders had made the case for bringing to an end the age of fossil fuel.

Apart from trying to accommodate incompatible national positions aired over the past two days, conference host Turkey and negotiations lead Australia also have the challenge of trying to make progress when wars and inflation have pushed climate concerns down the political agenda.

Australia's COP31 president of negotiations, Chris Bowen said: "It's my ‌job to steer consensus, not to bang tables ⁠and demand any particular action, but to steer consensus to the strongest, most ambitious possible outcome within the constraints of that consensus-driven process."

Asked what a good deal might look like, he said he had, "many more hours of consultations with partners to do".

Climate activists say short-term political concerns should not get in the way of addressing an issue that will get more pressing if ignored.

A UN report last month found the world was already on course to break through the 1.5 degrees Celsius warming limit that countries had agreed ‌to pursue under the 2015 Paris Agreement to prevent the worst effects of climate change.

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