Europe’s Leaders Gather After Weeks of Bomb Threats, Cyberattacks

Résumé détaillé

Denmark's military intelligence said earlier this year Russia was "more willing to take risks" with hybrid tactics.

Dozens of European leaders will gather in Ireland on Thursday, in the wake of a spate of incidents widely described as hybrid attacks on the continent designed to destabilize Western countries.

A total of 48 heads of state and government have received an invite to the European Political Community meeting, which is to discuss "securing and defending a democratic Europe." The EPC was established in 2022, mainly spurred on by France and Germany,. as a forum for countries both inside and outside the 27-nation EU following Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine

On Friday, the European Council—the body steering the EU's direction— is to convene for a meeting that has been described as more "informal."

Likely to be high up on the agenda is the possibility of a peace deal for Ukraine after fresh U.S.-brokered negotiations kicked off in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) this week. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky has arrived in Dublin on Wednesday. President Donald Trump's envoys, Steve Witkoff and Jared Kushner, arrived in Moscow early on Thursday to meet Russian President Vladimir Putin.

But what U.S. and European officials paint as an escalating campaign of so-called hybrid attacks by Russia and Iran is also set to be front and center in talks.

Hybrid warfare is a broad term, largely referring to activities that stop short of open fighting, such as cyberattacks, information campaigns or targeting vulnerable infrastructure like power grids or undersea cables. They may take the form of espionage or sabotage operations.

Several European media outlets received hoax bomb threats on November 6, rounding off a week packed with bomb scares on dozens of flights crisscrossing Europe.

Meanwhile, at least six countries reported supermarket fridges and freezers being hacked earlier this month, and French officials said blood banks had been targeted by cyberattacks.

European nations, particularly those pressed up on Russia's border or Ukrainian soil, have been further set on edge by a…

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